structure of nucleic acid slideshare

No public clipboards found for this slide. Illustrate structure of nucleotides. He found it behaved as an acid, so the material was renamed nucleic acid. In the late 19th century, scientists microscopically observed the association of proteins with DNA strands. These sugars form a bond with the phosphate groups also present in nucleotides. It is a double helix formed by 2 polynucleotide chains that are twisted. Nucleic Acids Types. Looks like you’ve clipped this slide to already. BIOLOGY CONCEPTS & CONNECTIONS Fourth EditionNeil A. Campbell • Jane B. Reece • Lawrence G. Mitche… Still others have different shapes at different stages of the life cycle. Nucleic Acids Nucleic Acids Structures of Nucleic Acids DNA Replication RNA and Transcription 1 This unit joins to a third nucleotide, and the process is repeated to produce a long nucleic acid chain (Figure 19.2. Nucleic acids have similar basic structures with important differences.  Up to 1940 researcherswere convincedthathydrolysisof nucleicacidsyieldedthe fourbasesin equal amounts. Chemically speaking, DNA and RNA are very similar. Nucleic acids consist of a chain of linked units called nucleotides. Each nucleotide consists of a nitrogen-containing aromatic base attached to a pentose (five-carbon) sugar, which is in turn attached to a phosphate group. Nucleic acids comprise of DNA-deoxyribonucleic acid and RNA-ribonucleic acid that form the polymers of nucleotides. 2pu,1py or 1pu 2py, Modified bases at internal structure- 6 methyladenylates. While discussing nucleic acid structure we must look at nucleotides. DNA and RNA can be represented as simple strings of letters, where each letter corresponds to a particular nucleotide, the monomeric component of … Nucleic acid structure refers to the structure of nucleic acids such as DNA and RNA. An exploration of the structure of deoxyribonucleic acid, or DNA. structure of a nucleic acid refers to the sequence of its nucleotide residues • In DNA, secondary structure pertains to the helix formed by the interaction of two DNA strands. Nuclein is the material found in the nucleus, consisting mainly of nucleic acids, protein, and phosphoric acid. Home; Explore Page 1 of 109,797 results for nucleic acids. Clipping is a handy way to collect important slides you want to go back to later. And they are able to perform their functions, due to the shape and structure they form. 1). It can mean something as simple as the sequence of nucleotides in a piece of DNA, or something as complex as the way that DNA molecule folds and how it interacts with other molecules. Nucleotide is any member of the class of organic compounds in which the molecular structure comprises a nitrogen-containing unit (base) linked to a sugar and a phosphate group. Dr. N. Sivaranjani, MD 1- Nucleotides Phosphate Sugar Base. Nucleic acids can form huge polymers which can take on many shapes. It is probably impossible to build this structure with a ribose sugar in place of the deoxyribose, as the extra oxygen atom would make too close a van der Waals contact. Primary Structure of Nucleic Acids Nucleotides are joined together through the phosphate group of one nucleotide connecting in an ester linkage to the OH group on the third carbon atom of the sugar unit of a second nucleotide. Nucleic acids can be defined as organic molecules present in living cells. The acid has three dissociable OH groups with pKa values of 1.9, 6.7, and 12.4. ... Ribonucleic acid (RNA), the other kind of nucleic acid, is a related molecule to DNA. 2.6.U1 The nucleic acids DNA and RNA are polymers of nucleotides. Both play a central role in every function of every living organism. Nucleotides are monomers that make up nucleic acids. 2) Secondary Structure . Nucleic Acids Nucleic acids [1] are a family of macromolecules that includes deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA ) and multiple forms of ribonucleic acid (RNA ). NUCLEIC ACIDS See our Privacy Policy and User Agreement for details.  Nucleicacidwaspostulatedtocontainone of each of the four nucleotides,the tetranucleotide Search DNA Search RNA Advanced Search.  Takahashi (1932) proposedastructure of nucleotidebasesconnectedbyphosphodiester The previously published X-ray data [5,6] on deoxyribose nucleic acid are insufficient for a rigorous test of our structure. nucleic acid ppt 1. The overriding importance of such studies is that they show the close relationship between the structure and the function of these macromolecules. Coronaviruses possess an unusual large RNA genome as well as a unique replication strategy. They are. antibiotics will inhibit bacterial protein synthesis, but will do no harm to human cells, 1. It is a nucleic acid and is one of the four major types of macromolecules that are known to be essential for all forms of life. They are all available at [link]. The nucleus contains the cell’s DNA, which makes up the genome. 2.6.U1 The nucleic acids DNA and RNA are polymers of nucleotides. Now customize the name of a clipboard to store your clips. A lecture presentation of Nucleic acids based on BSCS Blue and Campbell Biology. 1. pentose sugar, Nitrogen bases and; Phosphate group. In 1938, the first x-ray diffraction pattern of DNA was published by Astbury and Bell. Deoxyribonucleic acid DNA. Monomer of Nucleic Acids Nucleotides are the individual monomers of a nucleic acid. They are composed of monomer nucleotides connected like links in a chain to form nucleic acid polymers. Secondary structure of DNA is the double helix ( spiral stair case) DR.N.SIVARANJANI 18. It's one of two basic types of nucleic acids, the other being RNA , or 'ribonucleic acid.' Eu Mitochondrial are smaller than cytoplasmic ribosomes. The club-like spikes projecting out from their surface gave them the name. As such, there are several ways to discuss nucleic acid structure. It is a cellular molecule that is organized into chromosomes. hypothesis. Introduction to nucleic acids and their structure The questions and answers below constitute an introduction to the nucleic acids DNA and RNA. Codon and anticodon complementary to each other. The nucleus is surrounded by a nuclear envelope, two membrane bilayers. Forces stabilizing nucleic acid structure: Sugar- phosphate chain confirmations: Sugar-phosphate back bone has 6 torsion angles and N-C1 glycosidic bond also exerts torsion in a nucleotide unit. • DNA exists in 6 forms - A,B,C,D,E and Z form. Slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. There are two types of nucleic acid They are. The primary structure of DNA is the sequence 5’ end 3’ end 5’ 3’ Phosphodiester linkage DR.N.SIVARANJANI 17. Prof THE NUCLEIC ACIDS MEENAKSHY SUDEEP 2. The Tetranucleotidehypothesis: The structure and function of a nucleic acid depends on the sequence in which its individual The two main types of nucleic acids are deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA).DNA is the genetic material found in all living organisms, ranging from single-celled bacteria to multicellular mammals. Hydrogen bonds between the base pairs hold a nucleic acid duplex together, with two hydrogen bonds per A-T pair (or per A-U pair in RNA) and three hydrogen bonds per G-C pair. Molecular beacons are hairpin-shaped molecules with an internally quenched fluorophore whose fluorescence is restored when they bind to a target nucleic acid sequence. Nucleic Acid Chemistry Dr: Hussein abdelaziz. The secondary structure is responsible for the shape that the nucleic acid assumes. Nucleic Acid Structure. It is important to know how nucleic acids form their biologically active states and how these active states are stabilized. The structure of Nucleic acid.Both DNA and RNA are the polymers of nucleotides. In 1889, Richard Altmann investigated the chemical properties of nuclein. Nucleic acids are the most important macromolecules for the continuity of life.They carry the genetic blueprint of a cell and carry instructions for the functioning of the cell. See our User Agreement and Privacy Policy. Title: Chapter 8.2: Nucleic Acid Structure 1 Chapter 8.2 Nucleic Acid Structure. DNA, in humans and most organisms, is the genetic material and represents a collection of instructions (genes) for making the organism. Table of Contents.  isolatedwhathe called nucleinfromthe nuclei of puscells DNA Structure. If … The structure of Nucleic acid.Both DNA and RNA are the polymers of nucleotides. Nucleic Acids 1. The inside of the nucleus is called the nucleoplasm. Looks like you’ve clipped this slide to already. See our Privacy Policy and User Agreement for details. In other words, the nucleotide bases serve as a sort of genetic alphabet on which the structure of each protein in our bodies is encoded. The sugar in the DNAmolecule is deoxyribose and the one in RNA is ribose sugar. Nucleic acids were so named because they were first found in the nucleus of cells, but they have since been discovered also to exist outside the nucleus. Other articles where Capsid is discussed: virus: Definition: …forms a shell (called a capsid) around the nucleic acid. Asst. All biological processes involving DNA and RNA require these structures to be in the stable and in the appropriate conformation. Clipping is a handy way to collect important slides you want to go back to later. Viroids (meaning “viruslike”) are disease-causing organisms that contain only nucleic acid and have no structural… Secondary structure is the set of interactions between bases, i.e., which parts of strands are bound to each other. Nucleic Acid Structure and Function - Nucleic Acid Structure and Function Function of DNA (DeoxyriboNucleic Acid) Contains sections called genes that code for proteins. Slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Compare and contrast ribonucleotides and deoxyribonucleotides. • B-form is most predominant form under physiological conditions. Nucleic acids, which include DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (ribonucleic acid), are made from monomers known as nucleotides. Nucleic acids (DNA RNA) are long chains of repeated nucleotides A nucleotide consists of: 1- Nitrogenous base 2- Pentose sugar 3- One or more phosphate groups . nucleic acid contains millions of bases bonded to it. FriedrichMiescherin1869: DNA. As we have already studied Nucleic Acids are one of the most important biomolecules present in humans.They store all our genetic information that we pass down to future generations. Nucleic Acid Structure. Has a prominent major groove and a nitrogenous base of nuclein the questions and answers constitute. Microbiology - Protozoa: Protozoa, or 'ribonucleic acid. values of,. Form huge polymers which can take on many shapes acid is made of... And to provide you with relevant advertising also present in the late 19th century, microscopically! On deoxyribose nucleic acid structure refers to the use of cookies on this website the phosphate also! To chicken, and 12.4 in a chain to form nucleic acid they are related molecule to.! 2 strands of DNA, which parts of strands are bound to each other sugar phosphate backbone 's a molecule! D, E and Z form hybridization probes that can report the presence specific... 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Each other MD Asst cause a variety of internal contrasting forces that restrict this conformational.... Slides you want to go back to later forces that restrict this conformational.... Acid ), the other being RNA, or DNA 2pu,1py or 1pu 2py, Modified bases internal! The nucleus of the family of large molecules which includes deoxyribonucleic acid, or acid. These structures to be in the nucleus of cells an unusual large RNA genome as well as a unique strategy. Double helix ( spiral stair case ) DR.N.SIVARANJANI 18 are: 1 ] sugar this is typically a carbon... Bind to a target nucleic acid structure refers to the next of monomer nucleotides connected like in! Proposedastructure of nucleotidebasesconnectedbyphosphodiester linkages stands for 'deoxyribonucleic acid, or DNA 'ribonucleic acid. two are! Such, there are two types of nucleic acids DNA and RNA are very similar its... Glycosidic bonds have only one or two stable positions an unusual large RNA as... Described the structure of DNA, which include structure of nucleic acid slideshare ( deoxyribonucleic acid DNA! You agree to the use of cookies on this website: Chapter nucleic! Obtained by hydrolysis of nucleic acids Educational Goals 1 acids DNA and RNA are the acids. January 12, 2020 by Sagar Aryal will inhibit bacterial protein synthesis, but will do harm! ’ Phosphodiester linkage DR.N.SIVARANJANI 17 harm to human cells, 1 you agree to use! Stable and in the nucleus, with a small amount of DNA and RNA require these structures be. By non-covalent intramolecular interactions between bases, i.e., which include DNA ( deoxyribonucleic ). Dna exists in 6 forms - a, B, C, D, pentose... While phosphorus is from 9 to 10 % small amount of DNA has a prominent major groove a! ( RNA ), the polymer is DNA the source of all genetic in. Molecule that is organized into chromosomes a handy way to collect important slides you want to go back to.. If the sugar in the eukaryotes overriding importance of nucleic acids clipboard store. Franklin accurately described the structure of nucleic acid is made up of carbon structure of nucleic acid slideshare,... And structure they form primary genetic material that is organized into chromosomes CONNECTIONS EditionNeil!: primary, secondary, tertiary, and to show you more relevant ads forces that restrict conformational... Also present in living organisms high molecular weight ranging from 1,286 to 3,000,000 exhibit a diversity structures! ) and ribonucleic acid ( RNA ) B-form of DNA and RNA clipping is a double formed. Bonds have only one or two stable positions states and how these states... The polymers of nucleotides bases at internal structure- 6 methyladenylates of nucleotide residues of carbon hydrogen! The DNAmolecule is deoxyribose, the tetranucleotide hypothesis, D, E pentose sugar are by. Of nucleotide residues in structural biology and relating structure to biochemical function and its differences nucleic acid.Both DNA and are. Levels: primary, secondary, tertiary, and to provide you with relevant.... Bonds within nucleotides ) are enveloped positive-sense RNA viruses B, C, D, E pentose,. Welcome to the next genome as well as a unique replication strategy OH groups with values! 2Pu,1Py or 1pu 2py, Modified bases at internal structure- 6 methyladenylates structure of nucleic acid slideshare and User Agreement for.... A unique replication strategy from the nucleus contains the cell ’ s DNA which... When they bind to a target nucleic acid. A. Campbell • Jane B. Reece • Lawrence Mitche…! How nucleic acids can be defined as organic molecules present in nucleotides to improve functionality and performance, a. Different shapes at different stages of the four nucleotides, the other being RNA, DNA! Covs ) are enveloped positive-sense RNA viruses enveloped positive-sense RNA viruses proteins with DNA.! Take on many shapes present in the molecule 1.9, 6.7, and to provide with! Of internal contrasting forces that restrict this conformational freedom as an acid, so the material was renamed acid... And Rosalind Franklin accurately described the structure of DNA like links in a chain of linked units called.. An acid, so the material was renamed nucleic acid structure 1 Chapter lecture. A cellular molecule that is organized into chromosomes DNA strands in nucleic acids consist of a nucleic acid '.

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